Graphite is the most stable form of carbon. Its structure is made up of layers where the atoms are connected by covalent bonds. These layers have delocalized electrons, so the rings have an aromatic character. This is where graphite’s conductivity comes from. The layers are connected by weak van der Waals interactions. The layers rub off easily, so graphite can be used to make pencils.

Diamond is another form of carbon besides graphite. Graphite and diamond are both made of carbon atoms, but they have different structures and properties. Diamond is the hardest mineral and does not conduct electricity.